Technology

Training can be as simple as using a wristwatch or stopwatch to time sessions and following a simple printed training schedule.

Conversely training can be very technical and scientific using heart rate monitors, power measuring devices, mapping devices (GPS) and gas and blood testing for VO2max and Lactate Threshold etc.

I use the following software to monitor and analyze athletes training: 

Polar ProTrainer 5

Training Peaks WKO+

Speedsnake Coaching Online Training Log

TriUtilities

RaceDay

These support downloads from numerous training devices as listed on the home page.

For the serious athlete who wants to get the most out of his training and racing I recommend a minimum of Time, Heart Rate, Power and Distance monitoring i.e. you may need a combination of devices that measure all of these.

I recommend these devices before the need for race wheels, race helmets, 2^nd bikes etc.

To interact fully with the coach you will also then need a Desktop/Laptop/Notebook computer and a high speed internet connection to download workout data as often as possible.

None of the above devices will make you a better athlete as it is the training that does that, however the use of the above may make you train more wisely and hence become a better athlete.